what is a content management system (CMS)

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A content management system (CMS) is a software application or may be a set of related programs used to create and manage digital content. There are two types of content management system as enterprise content management (ECM) and web content management (WCM).

Enterprise Content Management (ECM)

It is an application with multiple functionalities that provides a full-scale Content Management System for a company's organization and processes. ECM helps to streamline the life cycle of information with document management and automates process workflows. It is easy to deal with more file types such as image files, email, computer-aided design and etc.
An ECM consists five components as
  • Capture
  • Manage
  • Store
  • Preserve
  • Delivery


Web content management (WCM)

A WCM facilitates collaborative authoring for websites. ECM software often includes a WCM publishing functionality, but ECM webpages typically remain behind the organization's firewall. The three key features of any WCMS are as
  • Can design, create and maintain personalized content for a website.
  • Editors can review and approve content to publication.
  • An automated publishing process.


Both web content management systems and enterprise content management have two components as Content management application (CMA) and Content delivery application (CDA). 

Content management system is a graphical user interface (GUI) which helps the user to control the creation, modification and removal of content from a website. For this they do not need a knowledge on HTML or other language.  The CDA component provides the back-end services support to management and delivery of the content after it is created in the CMA.

Followings are some popular tools

wordpress

This is the most popular CMS based on PHP blogging platform which is especially for blogging. It's a great platform for beginners, we should thank on their excellent documentation

dupral

This has added lots of interesting features like forums, user blogs, OpenID, profiles and etc. Drupal has a very active community power. And it has excellent support for plugins and other general questions.

Joomla

Joomla is a very advanced CMS in terms of functionality.it is very similar to Drupal. We can use it as a simple portfolio site. Getting started with Joomla is fairly easy. Joomla's installer is a very straightforward considering how configurable the software is.

ExpressionEngine

ExpressionEngine is a collection of helpful features like the ability to have multiple sites with one installation of software.This is an elegant and flexible CMS solution for any type of project. It is easy to modify and it is extensible.

Textpattern

This is most popular among designers because of its simple elegance. The main goal of Textpattern is to provide an excellent CMS that creates well-structured, standards-compliant pages.

SilverStripe

This is also PHP based CMS like Wordpress. It is tailored towards content management, and not blogging. SilverStripe uses very own PHP framework Saphire. So it is unique. It provides its own templating language to help for the design process.

Some of other tools are Oracle WebCenter, DNN, Wix, Weebly, Wrike, Contentful, ClubRunner, BuzzsProut, populr,etc.. 

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