Basic components of the network –network 1

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Purpose of a network


Main purpose of creating a network is to connect 2 or more computers or share resources, transmitting data allow electronic communication etc. Factors and things that affect for a network is known as basic components of a network.



Basic components



·         Transmitting media
·         Connectors
·         NIC
·         Hub/Switch
·         Modem/router




Transmission media

Components in a network have connected each other through transmission media. This will be guided or unguided media.


                                                   


Coaxial cable


Is a copper cored network cable and it is surrounded by a heavy shielding.

10 Base 5 :- Also known as Think-net. It operated 10  mbit/s with maxi-max length of 500m.
10 Base 2 :- called thinnet and operated 10  mbit/s with maximum length of 185m.

Twisted-Pair cabling


Pair of copper wires are encased in color-coded plastic insulation and twisted together. These bundles of twisted pairs are protected by an outer jacket of Poly-Vinyl Chloride (PVC).

Two types :- Shielded twisted pair

                      Unshielded twisted pair


Connectors

Basic connector is RJ45 connector. UTP/STP cables are connect to this. RJ45 connector contains 8 pins. There are 3 types of cables specified according to patterns.




Ethernet straight-through: - Use to connect a network host to a network devices such as a switch or hub.
Ethernet cross over: - Connecting two network hosts (Same devices).

Rollover: - Connect workstation serial port to a router console port, using an adapter.

NIC (Network Interface Card)


It is a circuit board or card that is installed in a computer to connect to a network. It provides dedicated and full time connection. This may consists of a node ID and port number or may be unique node ID in its own right.


Hub or Switch


Hub

Hub is the central wiring connector f a network. All the network cables are plug into a port on the hub. It accepts all incoming data packets from devices on the network and transmit to all computers which connected to the hub.

Switch


It is also like a hub and connecting all the cables of the network. Specialty of the switch is, it receives data packets and transmit them only to the destination. This reduces network traffic significantly.











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Thank you....!
Nimna Sandeepani

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